Gender-based violence (GBV) not only affects adults—it can affect children too, leaving long-lasting emotional, psychological, and developmental scars. The impacts can often last for years, if not a lifetime, regardless of whether they witness or experience abuse at home. Unfortunately, these impacts go unnoticed, especially when kids are too young to express or communicate what they’re feeling. It is absolutely important to prevent any harm they might be exposed to, and this blog will aim to:

• Recognize how GBV affects children—both directly and indirectly. 
• Learn how to discuss body safety and healthy boundaries with children. 
• Explore resources and support networks that can help protect children from harm.

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How Does GBV Affect a Child?
Children can be impacted by gender-based violence in a number of ways. While some are direct victims, others are witnesses to abuse happening at home. The constant exposure to yelling, threats, or physical aggression between adults creates an atmosphere of fear and insecurity. These children might develop anxiety, sleep disturbances, or behavioral issues, both at home and at school. 

GBV also includes the horrific form of child sexual abuse. This type of abuse severely compromises a kid’s sense of safety and body autonomy as it is often committed by someone the child knows and trusts. Later in life, the child may struggle to build healthy relationships and feel guilty, ashamed, or fear speaking up. In both cases, this can lead to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), such as:

• Depression and Low Self-Esteem. 
• Trust and Attachment Issues.
• Poor Academic Performance and Difficulty Concentrating.

Early experiences of trauma can also affect how the brain develops, making it more difficult for the child to control their emotions or feel in charge of their life.  

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Talking to Children About GBV and Body Safety
The best way to prevent GBV affecting a child is to talk to them in the early stages (and often) in ways that are appropriate for their age. Even though it can be awkward, open communication teaches them respect, boundaries, and what to do when something feels off. Here are a few efficient ways to get started:

1. Use Words Suitable for Their Age: Start by educating a child by outlining proper names for body parts and explaining which parts are private. Avoid using ambiguous language as if something goes wrong, they should know how to express themselves clearly. 
2. Establish Body Safety Rules: A child should be taught about what “bad touch” means from a young age, and that they can say “no” at any time if they feel uncomfortable around any adult.
3. Talk About Consent and Respect: As a child grows older, conversations can start to expand to include topics like knowing personal boundaries and what consent means.
4. Create a Safe Environment: Let the child know that they can come to you with any concern without the fear of being blamed or punished. Your reaction can set the tone for how safe they feel opening up to you. 

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What Protective Services Are Available for Children?

If a child is at risk or has already experienced GBV, protection and support are crucial. Fortunately, there are a lot of systems that are available for immediate help and assistance. The first point of contact is usually the child helplines. They operate around the clock and provide emergency support and counseling whenever needed. Child Welfare Committees (CWC) are legal bodies that investigate child protection cases and ensure that the child’s safety and rights are prioritized and that the offender faces the proper legal consequences. 

Other resources that are available: 

• NGOs or Government run child shelters.
• Legal aid clicks for minors and their guardians. 
• Local Committees for child protection. 

Digital apps like Safecity can also help adults anonymously report harmful surroundings, including those that affect children.

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FAQ

How can I tell if a child is being affected by GBV?

Watch for sudden changes in behavior, such as aggression, withdrawal, nightmares, or a drop in academic performance. These may be signs of stress or trauma.

What if the child is too young to explain what’s happening?

Children may use games, artwork, or behavior to convey their distress. A trained counselor or child psychologist can help interpret these signs and offer support.

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Take the First Step to Protect a Child

Children deserve to feel safe—in their homes, schools, and communities around them. However, they can’t protect themselves without the help and support of caring adults. Regardless of your role—parent, educator, or neighbor—your awareness and action can have a long-lasting impact.